01 - Preheat the oven to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, salt, and black pepper until well blended.
03 - Stir in the grated cheddar and chopped chives until evenly distributed throughout the flour mixture.
04 - Create a well in the center of the bowl and pour in the buttermilk and melted butter. Mix with a wooden spoon or hands until a shaggy dough forms. Add additional buttermilk by the tablespoon if mixture appears too dry.
05 - Turn dough onto a lightly floured surface and gently knead just until it comes together—avoid overworking. Shape into a round loaf approximately 7 inches in diameter.
06 - Place loaf on prepared baking sheet. Using a sharp knife, cut a deep X across the top of the dough.
07 - Bake for 30-35 minutes until deeply golden brown and the loaf produces a hollow sound when tapped on the bottom.
08 - Allow bread to cool on a wire rack for at least 15 minutes before slicing. Serve warm or at room temperature.