01 - Heat olive oil in a large skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add onion, garlic, jalapeño, and red bell pepper. Sauté for 5-6 minutes until softened and fragrant.
02 - Stir in cumin, smoked paprika, oregano, and chili powder. Cook for 1 minute until spices become fragrant, being careful not to burn them.
03 - Add black beans, diced tomatoes, vegetable broth, and bay leaf. Season with salt and pepper. Bring mixture to a gentle simmer, stirring to combine all ingredients.
04 - Reduce heat to low, cover, and braise for 25-30 minutes, stirring occasionally. Cook until flavors meld and mixture thickens to desired consistency. Remove and discard bay leaf before serving.
05 - While beans simmer, bring a saucepan of water to a gentle boil. Carefully add eggs and simmer for exactly 6 minutes for soft-boiled consistency. Immediately transfer to ice bath to stop cooking, then gently peel shells.
06 - Spoon braised beans into serving bowls. Top each portion with a peeled soft-boiled egg, avocado slices, crumbled cheese, fresh cilantro, and a squeeze of fresh lime. Serve immediately with warm corn tortillas if desired.